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Yellowfish

Labeobarbus kimberleyensis / L. aeneus

Average Size

2–5 kg (35–55 cm)

SA Record

19.2 kg (Largemouth Yellowfish) — caught in the Vaal River

Best Season

Spring and autumn (September–November, March–May) when insect hatches are prolific

Yellowfish are South Africa's premier indigenous sport fish and a true national treasure. The largemouth (Vaal-Orange) and smallmouth yellowfish are powerful fighters prized for their golden colour and acrobatic leaps. Fly fishing for yellowfish has become iconic.

Habitat

Fast-flowing rivers, rapids, and deep pools in the Vaal, Orange, and associated river systems. Yellowfish prefer clean, well-oxygenated water with rocky substrates. The Vaal River is the heartland of yellowfish angling.

Best Bait & Lures

Fly patterns: nymphs, dries, streamers
Small spinners & spoons
Earthworms (traditional)
Caddis & mayfly imitations
Bread fly (for surface feeding)

Techniques

Fly fishing — nymphing through rapids
Dry fly fishing during hatches
Czech nymphing in fast water
Light spinning with small lures
Sight fishing in clear pools

Regulations

Catch-and-release strongly encouraged — yellowfish are indigenous and vulnerable. Some rivers have strict regulations including closed seasons. Always check local rules. Barbless hooks recommended.

Fun Fact

💡 The Vaal River hosts the largest annual fly fishing festival in Africa — dedicated entirely to yellowfish. It's considered the 'tigerfish of the south' for its fighting ability.

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